In the 19th century,pumpkin pie ignited a culture war.在19世纪，南瓜派引发了一场文化大战。

The night before Thanksgiving,I routinely find myself bent over the hot oven,gently shaking the racks to check for the jiggle1jiggle〈美〉轻轻的摇晃。of just-set custard2custard（烤制的）蛋奶糕；蛋挞。in my pumpkin pie.My family doesn't even like pumpkin pie that much；they prefer a latticed caramel-apple pie or an autumnal ,I bake the definitive Thanksgiving dessert every year.

在感恩节前夜，我像往年一样弯着腰打开烤箱，轻轻地晃动烤架，看看南瓜派的刚成形的馅料稠度是不是刚好。我的家人并没有很喜欢南瓜派，他们更喜欢格子焦糖苹果派或秋季芝士蛋糕。不过，每年我还是会给他们预备这款经典的感恩节甜点。

2 Each time I serve pumpkin pie,I get to share a little known slice of American meant to unify people,the 19th-century campaign to make Thanksgiving a permanent holiday was seen by prominent Southerners as a culture war.They considered it a Northern holiday intended to force New England values on the rest of the them,pumpkin pie,a Yankee3Yankee 美国北方人；（尤指）新英格兰人。food,was a deviously sweet symbol of anti-slavery sentiment.

2 每次分发南瓜派的时候,我都有机会可以跟家人分享一些鲜为人知的美国历史。虽意在统一，然而对美国南方精英来说，这场发生在19世纪、为了将感恩节定为公立假期的运动实质上是一场文化战争。他们认为这是一个北方人的节日，意在传播新英格兰的价值观。南瓜派这种北方佬食物，尽管美观可口，却充满了反奴隶制情绪。

3 The first account of American Thanksgiving is a letter written about the Pilgrim's meal in 1621.The holiday evolved from a traditional harvest supper to a Puritan day of gratitude to God in colonial New the 18th and 19th centuries,it further changed into a more secular celebration as the feasting portion overtook governors often declared state-wide thanksgiving were usually in late November or early December,but there was no unified national holiday.

3 关于美国感恩节的首次记载出现于1621年一封记录着清教徒餐的信里。传统的丰收晚餐渐渐演变成新英格兰殖民时期清教徒对上帝献上感恩的节日。18 至19世纪，因为餐宴的比重超过了祷告，感恩节庆祝开始转向世俗化。北方州长们经常在11月底或12月初宣布州范围内庆祝感恩节，但仍没有定下统一的日期。

4 Thanksgiving may have remained a regional,ad-hoc4ad-hoc 临时安排的。holiday if not for the efforts of Sarah Josepha Hale,a Northern writer who is often considered the “Godmother” of American 1825,she initiated annual letterwriting campaigns to governors asking that they collectively declare the final Thursday of November a celebration of the editor ofGodey's Lady Book5维多利亚时代美国最流行的女性杂志，在时尚、伦理、品味、厨艺、缝纫方面有独特见解，曾在1860年时达到15 万册的发行量高峰。,the most widely read magazine of the 19th century,she devoted pages of editorial space to pitching the national holiday as a unifying force in a young and diverse 1827 novel,Northwood: A Tale of New England,gives the first detailed account of the Puritan Thanksgiving dedicates an entire chapter to the meal,in which she describes the “celebrated pumpkin pie” as “an indispensable part of a good and true Yankee Thanksgiving.”

4 如果没有北方作家萨拉·约瑟法·黑尔的努力，感恩节可能仍然是一个区域性的临时假期，因此人们把她称为美国感恩节的“教母”。1825年，她发起了每年给各州州长写信的活动，要求他们集体宣布11月的最后一个星期四为感恩节。作为19世纪阅读量最高的《戈迪淑女杂志》的主编，她用数页版面来推动这个全国性节日，期望它成为这个年轻而多元的国家凝聚民心的一股力量。1827年，黑尔发表了小说《诺斯伍德：新英格兰记》，首次详细介绍了清教徒的感恩节盛宴。她用了整整一章的篇幅记录了这场宴会，并将“久负盛名的南瓜派”描述为“美好而真实的扬基感恩节中不可或缺的一部分”。

5 Hale was not the only one to associate pumpkin pie with Thanksgiving and Northern pumpkin pie recipes appear inAmerican Cookery,alongside other Thanksgiving favorites such as cranberry sauce and the first “American” cookbook,American Cookeryis known as an example of traditional New England fare6fare 饭菜；饮食。.Plus,pumpkin pie calls for Northern ingredients such as squash and molasses7molasses（制糖时产生的）糖浆。.As more states—mainly in the North—recognized Thanksgiving,the pie became closely associated with Northern tradition.

5 黑尔并不是唯一一个将南瓜派与感恩节和北部传统联系在一起的人。《美国烹饪》中出现了两种南瓜饼食谱，还提到了蔓越莓酱和火鸡等其他感恩节热门食品。作为第一本“美国”食谱，《美国烹饪》被称为新英格兰传统美食的典范。此外，制作南瓜派需要来自北方的食材，如南瓜和糖蜜。随着越来越多的州（主要是在北方）接受感恩节，南瓜派与北方传统的关系密切了起来。

文章来源：《北方药学》 网址: http://www.bfyxzz.cn/qikandaodu/2020/0923/458.html